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Portugal Nationality Law 2026: Impact on Golden Visa Holders

Bruna BarretoBy CEO — Bruna Barreto June 2026

What exactly changed in May 2026

On 19 May 2026, an amendment to Portugal's Organic Law on Nationality came into force, changing the minimum legal residency periods required to apply for naturalization. The new minimum periods are:

  • EU and CPLP citizens (Brazil, Angola, Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau, Equatorial Guinea, Mozambique, São Tomé and Príncipe, and Timor-Leste): minimum period extended from five to seven years.
  • All other nationalities: minimum period extended from five to ten years.

What did not change: the Golden Visa itself — eligibility conditions, investment routes, residency rights, and Schengen freedom of movement — remains entirely unchanged. The amendment applies exclusively to the path toward citizenship through naturalization.

What "legal residency" means for this timeline

The clock does not start from the date the investment was made, nor from the date the application was submitted to AIMA. It starts, as a general rule, from the date the first valid residence permit is issued. In practice, the period between making the investment and receiving the residence card — which can be a year or more — does not count toward the naturalization timeline.

Who is affected: the three most common situations

1. Those who have not yet started the process

For anyone currently considering the Golden Visa, the new timeline is simply the new reality. The path to citizenship is longer — which does not invalidate the program, but changes the planning.

2. Those who already have a residence card issued

The law establishes transitional provisions, but their application depends on the date the permit was issued, the applicant's nationality, and other requirements already met. This analysis must be done on a case-by-case basis.

3. Those who had already submitted a naturalization application before May 2026

If a naturalization application was formally submitted before 19 May 2026, the old rules should, in principle, continue to apply. How the administration is processing these applications during this legislative transition period is worth monitoring closely.

The impact for Brazilian and other CPLP citizens

Brazilian citizens were typically able to access a two-year residency path to naturalization under the Treaty of Friendship between Portugal and Brazil. This specific route, being distinct from the general naturalization process, is not directly affected by the May 2026 amendment in the same way as the general timelines. However, the conditions to access this preferential route have their own requirements, and their application to Golden Visa holders is not automatic.

For Brazilian citizens: the May 2026 amendment did not eliminate the naturalization route under the Luso-Brazilian Treaty. However, the specific requirements to access that route should be carefully verified — not all Brazilian residents in Portugal qualify automatically.

What changes in the planning for Golden Visa holders

For those who had the Golden Visa as their primary path to European citizenship with a five-year horizon, the scenario has shifted and requires revision. This may mean exploring citizenship by descent, alternative residency routes, or simply revisiting personal goal timelines. For those who value the Golden Visa primarily for Schengen mobility or residency flexibility, the program continues to offer exactly what it offered before.

Frequently asked questions about the change

Was the change retroactive? Not automatically — the law establishes transitional rules for already-established situations, but their concrete application varies.

Did the minimum stay requirement in Portugal change? No. The average seven-days-per-year requirement was not changed.

Does the change affect Golden Visa renewals? Not directly. Renewal of the residence permit follows the rules of the Golden Visa program, which are independent of the nationality law.

Uncertain how this change applies to your case?

Transitional rules and their application vary for each applicant. Our team can help you understand exactly where you stand.